Reserve Bank
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The Reserve Bank of Australia is Australia’s central bank. It conducts monetary policy, works to maintain a strong financial system and issues the nation’s currency. As well as being a policy-making body, the Reserve Bank provides selected banking and registry services to a range of Australian government agencies and to a number of overseas central banks and official institutions. It also manages Australia's gold and foreign exchange reserves.
The role and functions of the Reserve Bank are underpinned by various pieces of legislation. The Bank is a statutory authority, established by an Act of Parliament, the Reserve Bank Act 1959, which gives it specific powers and obligations. In terms of the Act, there are two Boards: the Reserve Bank Board and the Payments System Board.
As an independent central bank, the Reserve Bank is accountable to the Parliament for its actions. There are requirements in the Reserve Bank Act 1959 for the Bank to consult with the Australian Government. In terms of the Commonwealth Authorities and Companies Act 1997, the Reserve Bank Board arranges for its annual report to be tabled in the Commonwealth Parliament.
The Reserve Bank seeks to enhance the community's understanding of its responsibilities and policies through a broad communications program. The primary vehicles are its quarterly Bulletin, quarterly Statement on Monetary Policy and associated half-yearly appearances of the Governor before a Parliamentary Committee, and the half-yearly Financial Stability Review. Speeches and presentations are other avenues through which the Bank explains its views to the community.